The pork industry in Eswatini is undergoing a transformative journey aimed at improving its overall efficiency, productivity, and market stability. The Pig Industry Enhancement Project Phase II (PIEP II) is at the forefront of this change, building on the achievements of its first phase to create a more robust and sustainable pork supply chain in the country.

Strengthening Pig Breeding and Management

A key focus of PIEP II is enhancing the pig breeding system, particularly at the Mpisi Pig Breeding Station. The project aims to increase the supply of high-quality hybrid gilts by providing pure line breeding pigs to potential farmers. This initiative will significantly boost the proportion of farmers with access to quality breeding pigs, enhancing the overall genetic quality and productivity of the pig population in Eswatini.

The project also emphasizes the importance of knowledge transfer and skills development. National training sessions on breeding management, nutrition, artificial insemination, and other essential techniques are being conducted to improve farmers' production efficiency. These workshops are vital in equipping farmers with the skills needed to manage their operations more effectively and sustainably.

Implementing a Traceability System for Improved Hygiene and Safety

PIEP II also introduces a national pig identification and traceability system. This system is designed to link the sources of pigs with registered abattoirs, ensuring hygienic slaughter practices. This initiative not only promotes food safety but also helps in maintaining high standards within the industry, which is crucial for both local consumption and potential export markets.

Stabilizing the Pork Market through Strategic Market Linkages

To address fluctuations in supply and demand, PIEP II facilitates the establishment of production and marketing contracts between pig farmers and pork wholesalers. This approach provides a more predictable and stable market environment for both producers and buyers. Furthermore, the project introduces a frozen carcass stacking lease mechanism, which helps regulate market demand and stabilize the pork supply chain in Eswatini.

Progress and Impact to Date

Since its inception in January 2021, PIEP II has made significant strides. By mid-2024, the project has achieved notable milestones, including:

1. Breeding Stock Improvement: Selection and maintenance of various purebred pigs, including 14 of the fourth generation of pure Landrace, 10 pure Large White, and 7 pure Duroc breeds. A total of 113 purebred pigs are currently maintained at the Mpisi Pig Breeding Station.
2. Distribution of High-Quality Gilts: Production and distribution of 253 two-crossbred gilts to farmers in 2024, with a total of 1,484 produced since the project's start. Efforts have also been made to promote purebred breeding sows to medium and large-scale farmers, resulting in the mating of 134 sows and the selection of 530 gilts.
3. Adoption of the Pigbase System: Registration of 475 farmers in the Pigbase system, enhancing data management and traceability across the industry.
4. Market Integration: Assistance provided to 10 pig farmers in signing purchase contracts with pork wholesalers, leading to the sale of 2,281 pigs and the production of approximately 208 tons of pork.
5. Training and Capacity Building: Conducted 59 workshops on piggery management with 1,619 participants and specialized workshops on pig hygienic slaughter and meat inspection, reaching 28 and 86 participants, respectively.

Looking Ahead: Achieving Industry Sustainability

With its comprehensive approach to improving breeding systems, management practices, market stability, and traceability, PIEP II is set to significantly enhance the operating environment of the pork industry in Eswatini. The project's ultimate goal is to increase farmers' productivity and income by 15% from the 2020 benchmark by the end of 2025.

The collaboration between local stakeholders and international partners continues to be crucial in driving these positive changes. As PIEP II progresses, it is expected to create a more sustainable, profitable, and competitive pork industry that can support the livelihoods of many farmers in Eswatini and contribute to the country's broader economic development.